Muscle Strains & Soft Tissue Injuries

Muscles are strained or torn when some or all of the fibers fail to cope with the demand placed upon them. They are most likely to occur in sudden acceleration, deceleration or change of direction. The most commonly affected muscles are hamstrings, gastrocnemius, quadriceps and hip adductors.

classification

There are classifications grades of muscle strains:

Grade 1
Tear in a small number of muscle fibers and local pain with no loss of strength.

Grade 2
Tear in a significant number of muscle fibers with associated pain and swelling. Pain reproduced on muscle contraction.

Grade 3
Complete tear of muscle. Usually occurs at musculotendinous junction.

Hamstring Muscle Sprains
Hamstrings strains usually occur during sprinting and kicking. It occurs when the hamstrings is at maximal activation and almost at the point of peak length. Generally the tears occur in the biceps femoris muscle.

predisposing factors

Flexibilty
Strength
Lumbo-pelvic stability
Previous injury
Age
Fatigue
Warm-up
Fitness level

management

Treatment of soft tissue strains and sprains must address issues in the acute phase straight after injury as well as the rehabilitation that follows.

RICE
Soft tissue release (48 hours following injury)
Massage
Dry needling
Pain free range of motion exercises

acute management

Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation after injury must take into account all the factors involved in getting the person back to full safe activity or sport.

Soft Tissue Release

Massage
Dry needling
Myofascial release

Eccentric Muscle Training
Working the muscle in the lengthening phase to promote muscular control.

Concentric Muscle Training
Training the muscle in the shortening phase.

Stretching

Functional Retraining

Light jogging, running or sprinting
Small kicks, standing full kick or running kicks
Running, acceleration/deceleration drills
Agility training

Core Stability
Pelvic floor and transverse abdominis retraining with Physio Group Exercise training.

80%

of people will suffer from back pain at least once in their life. In any given year 1 in 6 Australians (16%) will experience debilitating back pain. ABS 2019

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patients attended Physio Group Exercise

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Muscle Strains & Soft Tissue Injuries

classification

predisposing factors

management

acute management

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